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Merilaid & Co.
A/S Merilaid & Co. was an Estonian shipping company.〔"A/S" denotes an incorporated public company with limited liability.〕 The firm was founded in Tallinn, Estonia on February 18, 1930. There were seven founding shareholders, most of whom were related by blood or marriage as descendants of Peeter All. Of the 7 founders, 6 were ship captains and 5 had worked in the Far East, in Vladivostok and/or Shanghai, for many years, and had avoided the turmoil of the Bolshevik or Communist Revolution, prior to returning home to a free Estonia. Estonia had been part of the Russian Empire since 1721 when Russia defeated Sweden in the Great Northern War. After World War I, and concurrent with the Russian Civil War, Estonia defeated Russia in the 1918-1920 War of Independence and became an autonomous nation after almost 200 years of Russian rule.
==Founding shareholders==
The three principal founders of Merilaid & Co. were Peter Mender, Paul Tever and Herman Soone. The seven founding shareholders and their shareholdings are shown below.
Aside from Tever and Soone, all founding shareholders were from Vilsandi Island or nearby islands.〔In 2010 a book called ''Vandiraiujate Maa Lugu'', by Kalju Eerik, was published in Estonia. This book provides a history of the seafaring people and families who lived in and around Kihelkonna, a town on the large Estonian island of Saaremaa, and nearby islands, the largest of which is called Vilsandi. See http://www.raamatukoi.ee/cgi-bin/raamat?173335. A translation of the title is "The region of the forestay cutters". This maritime region of Estonia presents various hazards such as rocks, shoals and shallow waters. According to legend, early inhabitants, while helping to save the lives of shipwrecked mariners, often cut the forestays, backstays and shrouds that supported ships' masts so that ships couldn't leave and they could then plunder the ships' cargos.〕 All of them except Küll and Mänder had lived and worked in Vladivostok. Mender, Kalmar, and Roos had also lived and worked in Shanghai.
Merilaid principally owned and operated four coal-powered steamships. SS ''Merisaar'' was acquired in 1930, SS ''Naissaar'' in 1933, SS ''Kuressaar'' in 1935 and SS ''Osmussaar'' in 1936. The captain of each of Merilaid's ships was usually one of the founding shareholders. Merilaid's ships carried cargos all over the world. Table 1 provides some information about each of the ships. The company also had interests in, and managed, various short-sea vessels.〔Source: Jordan, R., ''The World's Merchant Fleets 1939'', The Particulars and Wartime Fates of 6,000 Ships, Naval Institute Press, Maryland, 1999, ISBN 1-59114-959-2.〕 Merilaid's ships were painted black and their funnels, or smoke stacks, had a narrow blue band near the top.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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